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Namaste.
The word/term "Samadhi" derives etymologically from the Sanskrit "Sama" meaning "the same" or "undifferentiated" and Adhi which can be taken to mean "understanding" so Samadhi means "undifferentiated understanding" as opposed to a differentiated or dualist perception of that which we simply identify with as being "the reality we understand".
There are three different "Samadhis" (that I am aware of). The first is called Savikalpa Samadhi and that is the definition of the term you outline in your post above. Savikalpa Samadhi means "Attributed Samadhi" or that which requires a 'subject' an 'object' and a 'merging' so that the undifferentiated Self, which exists as the "ego I" still remains present. You can become 'one with the tree' and yet, there is still "you" and there is still "tree" and there is still the 'becoming' or the 'merging' in that after 'being a tree' you return to 'being a person who had the experience of 'being a tree'.
Savikalpa Samadhi is what happens when kundalini Shakti reaches the Ajna Chakra, but has not proceeded all the way to the Sahasrara...blocked in the path by the Rudra Granthi, which still gives the spiritual sadhaka the perception of "Self" vs "Other" and the duality enabling that 'merging' to take place.
The second type of Samadhi is called Nirvikalpa Samadhi or "Un-attributed Samadhi" and it's what happens when neither Self/I NOR the tree actually exists, so there's nothing to 'merge into' or 'become one with' as it is already the case and the adherent just has not realised it. Nirvikalpa Samadhi is when the Rudra Granthi knot is broken/untied...kundalini Shakti reaches Sahasrara and the world of name and form (namam and rupam) completely vanishes...it disintegrates INTO the experience, even though there's no actual 'experience-er' OF it and so there is no 'knowledge' and nothing to 'know' because the workings of the mind and mental sheath becomes transcended into 'no mind' and it's also where the lines between Hinduism and Buddhism are thus drawn in the sand with a big, pointy stick.
The third type of Samadhi is called Sahaja Samadhi and it basically means the ability to remain in Nirvikalpa Samadhi effortlessly and only this can lead one to Moksh. To climb the tree is the easy part (even after realising one IS the tree) but to remain there is difficult...and thus starts the whole 'after-enlightenment enlightenment' when the mountain exists...then it doesn't exist...and then it does again.
Om Namah Shivaya
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