What are we?
 

*What* are we, inherently? Someone here who can answer that?

Sure: projections.

We are us . Our soul is our being and always will be.

Pay attention to reality and you will find the answers.
Unfortunately it's not as simple as a name or phrase

So very true.

We are whatever we believe ourselves to be until we are not that anymore.

We are each a part of an immense duality - mind and matter - mind creates the form (of things) by reacting to the impulse it gets from its opposite. M and M need each other to grow, the outward sign of this growth is evolution and the inward sign is that which we call consciousness - it's observable that evolution is speeding up and that the human being is becoming more aware mentally of all that surrounds its existence.
Mind is a creative force, edged on by experience and the need for new pastures of experience. We humans are embedded in these processes along with other (on this planet) lower forms of consciousness and relay our lives' knowledge or understanding relating to our condition/state of NOW back to source.
The universal mind is 'greedy' for any experience which will add to the total sum and loves everything for assisting in all possible ways.

It doesn't seem to be much room for any common view.

I wonder ... does belief sprout from faith, or vice versa?

This is not to be expected.
Every one, and this shows specially in this reality, has a different position and with this a different perspective of themselves within the One.
Specially with the level of distortions in this reality.
This will change to some degree as we move into the next level or new reality.